Izingxenye ezinhlanu zedivayisi yokuvikela ukukhuphuka (i-SPD)

Amadivayisi okuvikela ukukhuphuka (I-SPD) ziyizingxenye ezibalulekile ezinhlelweni zikagesi zanamuhla, ezihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa ekukhuphukeni kwamandla kagesi okuguqukayo kanye nokunyuka kwawo. Ukubaluleka kwawo akunakuphikiswa, futhi ukuqonda izingxenye ze-SPD kubalulekile ekukhetheni idivayisi efanele izidingo zakho ezithile. Ama-SPD akhiwe yizingxenye ezinhlanu ezibalulekile: igebe lokukhipha, ipayipi lokukhipha igesi, i-suppressor diode, i-varistor kanye ne-choke, ngayinye edlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni imishini yakho kagesi.

Igebe lokukhipha liyingxenye eyisisekelo ye-SPD futhi liqukethe izinduku ezimbili zensimbi ezihlukaniswe yigebe elithile. Enye yezinduku zensimbi ixhunywe ku-wire yesigaba samandla i-L1 noma intambo engathathi hlangothi (N) yemishini evikelwe, kanti enye induku yensimbi ixhunywe ku-ground wire (PE). Ngesikhathi somcimbi we-overvoltage yesikhashana, igebe lokukhipha liyaphuka, okuvumela ingxenye yeshaja ye-overvoltage ukuthi iqondiswe phansi, okuvimbela i-voltage ukuthi ikhuphuke emishini evikelwe. Nakuba isakhiwo silula, ukusebenza kwaso okungekuhle kokucisha i-arc kuholele ekuthuthukisweni, njengezikhala ze-angular, ezinikeza amakhono angcono okucisha i-arc.

Esinye isakhi esibalulekile yipayipi lokukhipha igesi, eliqukethe amapuleti amabili e-cathode abandayo afakwe epayipini lengilazi noma le-ceramic eligcwele igesi engasebenzi. Lesi sakhi sandisa amathuba okuqalisa ipayipi lokukhipha futhi sidlala indima ebalulekile ekuguquleni i-voltage eyengeziwe kude nemishini ebucayi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-ejenti okususa angeziwe avame ukufakwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwepayipi lokukhipha igesi.

Ama-diode okucindezela ayizingxenye ezibalulekile ezinemisebenzi yokunciphisa i-clamping kanye ne-voltage. Isebenza endaweni yokuqhekeka okuphambene, ine-voltage ephansi yokucindezela kanye nempendulo esheshayo, futhi ifanele ukusetshenziswa njengesici sokugcina sokuvikela kumasekethe okuvikela amazinga amaningi. Isici sayo se-volt-ampere simelelwa yifomula I=CUα, ekhombisa ama-coefficient ayo angewona aqondile, igcizelela kakhulu ukusebenza kwayo ekuphatheni ama-voltage spikes kanye nama-surges.

Esimweni sobuchwepheshe esisheshayo sanamuhla, isidingo semishini yokuvikela ukukhuphuka kwegesi esithembekile asikaze sibe phezulu. Ngokusebenzisana okuyinkimbinkimbi kwalezi zingxenye ezinhlanu eziyisisekelo, ama-SPD ahlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okunamandla ngokumelene nama-voltage transients, okuqinisekisa ubuqotho kanye nobude besikhathi semishini kagesi ebucayi. Njengoba izinhlelo zikagesi ziba nzima kakhulu, isidingo sezixazululo eziphelele zokuvikela ukukhuphuka kwegesi siba yinto ebalulekile, okwenza ukuqonda izingxenye ze-SPD kube yinto ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kokufakwa kukagesi kwesimanje.